礦山重型機械液壓系統常見故障與解決辦法

當前，液壓系統在礦山重型機械設備的運用已經普遍，如鄂式破碎機、反擊式碎石機、圓錐碎石機、沖擊式碎石機、移動式粉碎站等設備革新為液壓粉碎設備，但源于(yu)技術還并不是完(wan)善，液壓系統(tong)在礦山重型機械(xie)運用中產(chan)生一(yi)部(bu)分故障困(kun)擾，下面(mian)本文匯總常(chang)出(chu)現(xian)問題并給出(chu)應對方案(an)。

礦山重型機械的液壓系統中常見的故障

1、液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)油(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)低(di)(di)：“壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力來(lai)源于負(fu)載”是液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)學中(zhong)兩大差不(bu)(bu)多定律之一(yi)，由此，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)油(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)低(di)(di)，產生(sheng)油(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等于零的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態表明液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可能產生(sheng)了油(you)(you)箱內油(you)(you)位過(guo)低(di)(di)，或(huo)許沒有順應合格值，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)在工(gong)作的(de)(de)工(gong)序(xu)中(zhong)不(bu)(bu)能把油(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)吸到液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)回路中(zhong)，只是，油(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)油(you)(you)溫太高會(hui)引發油(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)粘稠度的(de)(de)升(sheng)高，導致(zhi)(zhi)裝置不(bu)(bu)能正(zheng)常吸油(you)(you)，從此發生(sheng)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)油(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)低(di)(di)的(de)(de)故障，除掉了油(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)故障后(hou)，應從液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)各機構中(zhong)尋找困擾(rao)，比方：減壓(ya)(ya)(ya)閥的(de)(de)設(she)定值過(guo)低(di)(di)，實施機構定做不(bu)(bu)合理(li)，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)元件被磨損，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)馬達或(huo)許液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵沒有長時間(jian)工(gong)作等，都將導致(zhi)(zhi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)油(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)低(di)(di)。

2、液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)實施(shi)(shi)機(ji)構運(yun)動(dong)速度過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)低：“速度來(lai)源(yuan)于流量(liang)”也是液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)學中兩大差不多定律之一(yi)，由(you)此，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)實施(shi)(shi)機(ji)構運(yun)動(dong)速度過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)低，產生(sheng)實施(shi)(shi)機(ji)構運(yun)動(dong)速度為零的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態表明液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統可能產生(sheng)了裝置(zhi)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩擦(ca)力(li)(li)(li)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態，潤滑(hua)效果不好(hao)，摩擦(ca)阻(zu)力(li)(li)(li)變化(hua)，空氣(qi)進入液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)路中都(dou)會導致摩擦(ca)力(li)(li)(li)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)大，只是，假(jia)如(ru)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)油壓(ya)(ya)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)低，也會導致實施(shi)(shi)機(ji)構的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)速度，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)構產生(sheng)困(kun)擾，同樣(yang)會產生(sheng)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)實施(shi)(shi)機(ji)構運(yun)動(dong)速度過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)低，比方：壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)閥(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)調定壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)不適(shi)合、液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)元件產生(sheng)故障等(deng)等(deng)。

3、液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)：液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中，滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)會(hui)形(xing)成礦山重(zhong)型機械(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性、安性、靠譜(pu)性，是思考的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困擾，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)會(hui)導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)設備附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境受到污染，還(huan)會(hui)導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)回路內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油壓(ya)(ya)過低(di)，形(xing)成裝置的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常工(gong)作，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)分為內(nei)泄(xie)(xie)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)以及外(wai)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)，其中，內(nei)泄(xie)(xie)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)是指在液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)回路內(nei)部，油液(ye)(ye)(ye)從(cong)高壓(ya)(ya)腔泄(xie)(xie)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)到低(di)壓(ya)(ya)腔；外(wai)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)是指液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中內(nei)部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油壓(ya)(ya)泄(xie)(xie)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)到外(wai)部環境中，無論發生哪一款泄(xie)(xie)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)，礦山重(zhong)型機械(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)維護人員都應該力免去(qu)。

礦山重型機械液壓系統常見故障的應對方案

1、液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過低(di)的(de)應(ying)對(dui)方案：液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過低(di)現象，對(dui)于(yu)(yu)不(bu)同因素采(cai)取(qu)不(bu)一樣的(de)應(ying)對(dui)方案，對(dui)于(yu)(yu)油(you)(you)(you)箱內油(you)(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)過低(di)，或(huo)許沒有(you)順(shun)應(ying)合格(ge)值的(de)狀態，可采(cai)取(qu)向裝置中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)注入(ru)油(you)(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，提高油(you)(you)(you)箱內油(you)(you)(you)位(wei)的(de)方法，這樣能(neng)夠(gou)使(shi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)在(zai)運行中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，把油(you)(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)吸到液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)回路中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)預計的(de)位(wei)置，對(dui)于(yu)(yu)油(you)(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)溫(wen)太高引發的(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)油(you)(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過低(di)的(de)現象，因提建議液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)力，只(zhi)有(you)了摩(mo)擦(ca)力才(cai)可以油(you)(you)(you)溫(wen)，才(cai)可以油(you)(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)粘稠度，使(shi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)順(shun)應(ying)合格(ge)值，只(zhi)是，能(neng)夠(gou)用冷卻的(de)方法液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)溫(wen)，在(zai)西(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)增設冷卻回路，但這類方法對(dui)整個液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)變化過大(da)，不(bu)提示采(cai)納(na)，另一方面，應(ying)保障液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)元(yuan)(yuan)件的(de)靠(kao)譜性，立馬兒改換磨損的(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)元(yuan)(yuan)件，查看液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬達以及液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵是否正常工作。

2、液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的實施機(ji)構運(yun)動速度(du)過(guo)(guo)低的應(ying)對(dui)方案：對(dui)于液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的實施機(ji)構運(yun)動速度(du)過(guo)(guo)低的故障，先(xian)需要(yao)處理的是(shi)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)內部(bu)摩擦力的困擾，只(zhi)(zhi)有了液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)內部(bu)的摩擦力，才可以提高(gao)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的實施機(ji)構的運(yun)動速度(du)，只(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)，要(yao)防(fang)止液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)回路中(zhong)進入空(kong)氣，要(yao)為(wei)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)做好密封的工(gong)作，此時，也(ye)要(yao)查看液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)用到的每(mei)一個液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)元件，保障元件的在(zai)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)工(gong)作的靠譜性。

3、液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)滲(shen)漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)對(dui)(dui)方(fang)案：項(xiang)目(mu)設備(bei)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)漏(lou)還能(neng)夠依照(zhao)滲(shen)漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)(zhi)分為靜結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)面(mian)(mian)滲(shen)漏(lou)以及(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)面(mian)(mian)滲(shen)漏(lou)，對(dui)(dui)于(yu)靜結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)面(mian)(mian)滲(shen)漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)困擾(rao)，緊(jin)要(yao)能(neng)夠提高液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)封閉性，對(dui)(dui)于(yu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)面(mian)(mian)滲(shen)漏(lou)困擾(rao)，緊(jin)要(yao)能(neng)夠歷(li)經(jing)修改、優化液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)路定做，縮小密封不靠譜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)面(mian)(mian)數目(mu)，免去液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)漏(lou)困擾(rao)，對(dui)(dui)于(yu)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)漏(lou)故障(zhang)(zhang)，在(zai)(zai)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)回(hui)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定做以及(ji)加工(gong)階段就應(ying)(ying)該(gai)盡可(ke)能(neng)思(si)考可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)導(dao)致液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)滲(shen)漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定做以及(ji)加工(gong)，提示用(yong)同樣(yang)功能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)回(hui)路替(ti)換(huan)(huan)，免去液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)發生(sheng)滲(shen)漏(lou)故障(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隱患，除了定做以及(ji)加工(gong)階段，在(zai)(zai)項(xiang)目(mu)設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實際使用(yong)工(gong)序中(zhong)，應(ying)(ying)該(gai)思(si)考減小液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)沖(chong)擊(ji)，歷(li)經(jing)裝置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起動(dong)(dong)(dong)、停止以及(ji)換(huan)(huan)向(xiang)，對(dui)(dui)于(yu)起動(dong)(dong)(dong)、停止以及(ji)換(huan)(huan)向(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)位盡量采納帶有阻(zu)尼減震(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)元件等(deng)措施，來液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)沖(chong)擊(ji)，進而處理液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝置(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)滲(shen)漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法。

礦(kuang)山(shan)(shan)資源對于(yu)一個家的(de)(de)(de)經濟發展擁(yong)有(you)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，而礦(kuang)山(shan)(shan)重(zhong)型機(ji)械(xie)的(de)(de)(de)液壓(ya)系(xi)統(tong)對于(yu)礦(kuang)山(shan)(shan)資源生(sheng)產擁(yong)有(you)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，故障頻發的(de)(de)(de)液壓(ya)系(xi)統(tong)不(bu)但會(hui)礦(kuang)山(shan)(shan)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)效率，會(hui)威脅到人們的(de)(de)(de)人身安，參與(yu)礦(kuang)山(shan)(shan)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)個單位、人員之間密切配(pei)合，齊努力、共奮斗，承建出好質量的(de)(de)(de)礦(kuang)石機(ji)械(xie)與(yu)生(sheng)產步(bu)驟，保障其運行性(xing)能，提高(gao)我礦(kuang)山(shan)(shan)生(sheng)產工(gong)業的(de)(de)(de)創造的(de)(de)(de)價(jia)值以及(ji)社會(hui)利潤。