石(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)又名碳酸鈣,是一種化合(he)物(wu),化學式是CaCO3。CAS號(hao) 471-34-1。 它(ta)是地球上常見物(wu)質,可于(yu)巖(yan)石(shi)(shi)內找到。動物(wu)背(bei)殼和蝸牛殼的(de)主要成份(fen)。它(ta)以方(fang)(fang)(fang)解石(shi)(shi)和文石(shi)(shi)兩種礦物(wu)存(cun)在于(yu)自然(ran)界(jie)。方(fang)(fang)(fang)解石(shi)(shi)屬三方(fang)(fang)(fang)晶(jing)系,六角形(xing)晶(jing)體,純凈的(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)解石(shi)(shi)無色透(tou)明,一般為(wei)白色,含有(you)56%CaO,44%CO2,密度為(wei)2.715g/cm3,莫氏硬度為(wei)3,性(xing)質較脆。文石(shi)(shi)屬于(yu)斜(xie)方(fang)(fang)(fang)品系,菱形(xing)晶(jing)體,呈(cheng)灰色或白色,密度為(wei)2.94g/cm3,莫氏硬度為(wei)3.5-4,性(xing)質致密。
石(shi)灰石(shi)的(de)物理性質中(zhong)方解石(shi)的(de)結晶(jing)(jing)大小(xiao)是重(zhong)要的(de)。致密(mi)石(shi)灰石(shi)呈現出(chu)低氣孔(kong)率的(de)細粒晶(jing)(jing)體(ti)(ti)組(zu)織結構具有很(hen)高的(de)強度。石(shi)灰石(shi)的(de)密(mi)度約為(wei)2.65~2.80g/cm3,白(bai)云石(shi)質石(shi)灰石(shi)為(wei)2.70-2.90g/cm3,白(bai)云石(shi)為(wei)2.85-2.95g/cm3。體(ti)(ti)積(ji)密(mi)度取決于氣孔(kong)率。
石灰石破碎生產線是燒石灰生產線、水泥生產線中的一個重要生產環節。水泥廠可以通過石灰石破碎生產線設備來對(dui)其進行大塊粗破(po)和細(xi)破(po),從而達到家的使(shi)用(yong)(yong)和客(ke)戶的使(shi)用(yong)(yong)要求。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)簡便(bian),破(po)碎產品(pin)的粒(li)度較均(jun)勻(yun),使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命長,噪(zao)音低,粉塵小,維護修(xiu)理方便(bian),低震動(dong)等。
物料由振動給料機輸送至顎式破碎機,物料(liao)進行破(po)(po)碎后由一臺(tai)輸(shu)送(song)機送(song)入(ru)反擊(ji)破(po)(po)或圓錐破(po)(po)進行破(po)(po)碎,破(po)(po)碎后物料(liao)進入(ru)振動篩進行篩分,成品物料(liao)由輸(shu)送(song)機送(song)出,不合格的(de)物料(liao)再次輸(shu)送(song)回反擊(ji)破(po)(po)或圓錐破(po)(po)進行再次破(po)(po)碎。隨(sui)著外(wai)碳酸鈣(gai)材料(liao)、填料(liao)進入(ru)中市(shi)場,了內的(de)技術(shu),加快了我碳酸鈣(gai)深加工品種的(de)快速增長,并向(xiang)著多元化、化、精(jing)細化方(fang)向(xiang)迅速發(fa)展(zhan),拓展(zhan)開(kai)更(geng)多的(de)應(ying)用域(yu)。
石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)可大量用做建筑材料(liao),也(ye)是許多(duo)工業的(de)重要原料(liao)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)可直接加工成(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)料(liao)和(he)燒(shao)制成(cheng)生(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)有生(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)熟石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)。生(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)主要成(cheng)分是CaO,一般呈塊狀,純的(de)為白色,含有雜質時為淡灰(hui)(hui)(hui)色或淡黃(huang)色。生(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)吸潮或加水就成(cheng)為消(xiao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui),消(xiao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)也(ye)叫熟石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui),它的(de)主要成(cheng)分是Ca(OH)2。
熟石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)經調配成石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)漿(jiang)、石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)膏、石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)砂漿(jiang)等,用(yong)作(zuo)涂裝材(cai)料(liao)和(he)磚(zhuan)瓦粘(zhan)(zhan)合劑。水泥是由(you)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)和(he)粘(zhan)(zhan)土等混合,經高溫煅燒制得。玻璃由(you)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)、石(shi)(shi)英砂、純(chun)堿等混合,經高溫熔(rong)融制得。煉鐵用(yong)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)作(zuo)熔(rong)劑,除(chu)去脈石(shi)(shi)。煉鋼用(yong)生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)做造渣材(cai)料(liao),除(chu)去硫、磷等有害雜質。
電石(shi)(shi)(主要成分(fen)是(shi)CaC2)是(shi)生石(shi)(shi)灰與焦炭(tan)在電爐(lu)里反(fan)(fan)應制(zhi)得(de)。純(chun)堿(jian)是(shi)用石(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)、食鹽(yan)、氨等(deng)原料經過多步反(fan)(fan)應制(zhi)得(de)(索爾維法(fa))。利(li)(li)用消石(shi)(shi)灰和(he)純(chun)堿(jian)反(fan)(fan)應制(zhi)成燒堿(jian)(苛化(hua)法(fa))。利(li)(li)用純(chun)凈的消石(shi)(shi)灰和(he)氯氣反(fan)(fan)應制(zhi)得(de)漂白(bai)的。利(li)(li)用石(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)的化(hua)學(xue)加工(gong)(gong)制(zhi)成氯化(hua)鈣(gai)(gai)、硝(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)鈣(gai)(gai)、亞硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)鈣(gai)(gai)等(deng)重要鈣(gai)(gai)鹽(yan)。消石(shi)(shi)灰能除去水的暫時硬性,用作(zuo)硬水軟化(hua)劑。石(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)燒加工(gong)(gong)制(zhi)成較純(chun)的粉狀碳酸(suan)(suan)鈣(gai)(gai),用做橡膠(jiao)、塑料、紙張(zhang)、牙膏、化(hua)妝品等(deng)的填(tian)充(chong)料。
石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)與燒(shao)堿制成的(de)堿石(shi)灰(hui)(hui),用作二氧化碳的(de)吸收劑(ji)。生石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)用作干燥劑(ji)和消(xiao)毒劑(ji)。農業(ye)上,用生石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)配制石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)硫黃合劑(ji)、波爾多(duo)液等(deng)農藥。土壤中(zhong)施用熟(shu)石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)可中(zhong)和土壤的(de)酸性、土壤的(de)結構、供(gong)給植物所需的(de)鈣素(su)。用石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)漿(jiang)刷樹干,可保(bao)護樹木。